TRANSPORT PATH OF MARINE POLLUTION
Transport path of marine pollution is atmospheric transport, river's ,ocean outfalls, ocean dumping,ships and mining,etc.
ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT
Many of these pollutants transport to the marine through atmospheric transportation. Atmospheric transportation occurs when once airborne( either as vapour or attached to dust particles) are washed out by rain or snow fall back to earth. Land based atmospheric transport of toxic chemicals such as persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals has contaminated the globe ,including the world`s ocean. The entry of heavy metals such as lead, mercury, and cadmium in to the sea from automobile emission is clearly an atmospheric transport and wash out in to marine with rain.
RIVER TRANSPORT
Rivers can also be a major source of pollutants ,if they pass through highly industrial areas. Pesticides and fertilizers run-off from agriculture land, industrial releases, pharmaceuticals in sewage,leachate from land fills,domestic wastes, municipal wastes and oil spills. That releases their toxic in to the marine flow through rivers.
Rivers network facilitate the transport of terrestrial sediment, organic carbon,nitrogen,heavymetals,pesticides,plastic waste,oil and various other industrial waste and contaminants in to the ocean.
SHIPS
Shipping also causes more invisible type of pollution. Millions tons of oils are being added in to the costal and marine environment. Sea pollution caused by ships are daily activities and accidents. Ships carry many toxic substances such as oil,liquefied natural gas,pesticides,industrial chemicals,etc,Ship accidents and accidental spillages at the sea`s can be very damaging to the marine environment. Sea pollution caused by ships damages sea habitat.
OCEAN OUT FALLING
The ocean outfalls are basically generated from a pipeline that transports the effluents generated in the costal cities for a final discharge in to the ocean. Very often municipal and sewage wastes are directly discharge through out fall in to sea.Growing of human population on the costal areas of all continents is the one of the most important pressure on costal ecosystems, particularly through the disposal of wastes including sewage to costal water.
OCEAN DUMPING
Ocean dumping involves depositing of waste materials generated from factories,industrial,ships,tankers and sewage,municipal in to the marine environment. Some materials such as mercury ,DDT,lead and cryolite and radioactive materials are emitted by some of the industries and sewage wastes. These pollutants are able to kill or injure fish .The plastic garbage, which are illegally dumped to the marine may causes death of marine mammals and other aquatic animals.
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