CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTIN

 DISEASES CAUSING PATHOGENS

There are several classes of common water pollutants. These are disease -causing pathogens such as bacteria virus, protozoans and parasitic worms that are enter water from domestic sewage and human and animal waste .Human wastes contain concentrated population of coliform bacteria which includes Escherichia coli(E.coli) and strepto coccus species .These bacteria normally grown in the large intestine of humans where they are responsible for some food digestion and for the production on some vitaminK. These bacteria are not harmful in low numbers.Enormas ammount of human waste in water,increase the number of these bacteria which causes gastro - intestinal diseases.

                                                   

OXYGEN EXHAUST WASTES

Oxygen exhaust wastes are organic wastes that can be degraded by aerobic bacteria (presence of oxygen).Large ammount of bacteria use up the oxygen from the water to decompose the waste. In this process this degrade quality of water.They ammount of oxygen required to break down a certain ammount of organic matter is called the Biological oxygen demand (BOD).The ammount of BOD indicator of the level of pollution. So the large ammount of organic wastes is added to the water all the oxygen is used up from the waters that leads to all the form of aquatic organisms has to die.

                                                         

Thus aerobic bacteria (absence of oxygen) begin to decompose wastes. This respiration produces chemicals that have produces un-wanted smell and taste of the water.They is harmful to human health.

EUTROPHICATION

The in organic plant nutrients which includes chemical fertilizers and pesticides. That are applied in a agriculture field .These chemical fertilizers and pesticides pollute soil and water.They excess fertilizers causes eutrophication, pesticides causes bioaccumulation and biomagnification.

                                                          

The fertilizers includes water soluble nitrates and phosphates that causes excessive growth of aquatic plants. The excessive growth of algae and aquatic plants due to added nutrients is called eutrophication. Eutrophication causes changing the smell and taste of water and causes build of organic matter. As organic matter decay, oxygen levels decrease and fish and other aquatic species die.

ORGANIC CHEMICALS

Organic chemicals includes oil,gasoline,plastic,pesticides,detergents,etc.These are affect aquatic- life and human health. These chemicals get in to water directly from industrial and human activity.

                                                  

RADIO ACTIVE ISOTOPES

These are another source of water pollution, these can be affects various tissues and organs as they pass through food chain and food webs. Ionizing radiation are emitted by such isotopes can causes birth defect, cancer and genetic disorders.

HOT WATER

Hot water was produced by industries and power plant that used large ammount of water cool the plant result rise in temperature of the water bodies. Industries releases heat water to the water bodies, that causes thermal pollution .Heated water which is at least 150 degree calciols higher than the normal is discharged back in to the water bodies. The warm water not only decreases the solubility of oxygen but that can affect the breeding cycle of aquatic life.

OIL POLLUTION

                                      


Oil is washed surface water in run-off from roads and parking lot which also pollute ground water.Oil leakage from undergrounds tanks is a another source of water pollution. Accidental oil spills from large transport tankers at sea have been causing water pollution.

THE TEXTILE INDUSTRIES

                                                             


The textile industries is one of the fast growing industries in the world .It requires sequence of  chemical process those are harmful to the environment. The harmful dying process which utilize enormous ammount of water to rinse and excess dying from the coloured silks pollute large number of water bodies and thus affect aquatic population.





































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